The wild and cultivated forms of fennel are hermaphroditic this species of agronomic and pharmaceutical interest reproduces prevalently by outcrossing, but selfing is also possible. It originated in the southern Mediterranean and, through naturalization and cultivation, spread all over the world, specifically in dry soils near coastal areas and river banks in Asia, North America and Europe 1. (2 n = 2 x = 22), commonly known as fennel, is a biennial or perennial diploid species belonging to the Apiaceae family (or Umbelliferae, nomen conservandum). Overall, our work represents a treasure trove of information exploitable both for marker-assisted breeding and for in-depth studies on thousands of genes, including those involved in t-anethole biosynthesis.įoeniculum vulgare Mill. For each of the 11 genes encoding structural enzymes in the t-anethole biosynthetic pathway, we identified at least one transcript showing a significant match. Finally, the assembled transcripts were screened to identify genes related to the biosynthesis of t-anethole, a compound well-known for its nutraceutical and medical properties. Single-nucleotide variants of SNPs and indels were identified among the 8 samples at a frequency of 0.5 and 0.04 variants per Kb, respectively. Bioinformatic analyses revealed 1,011 transcripts encoding transcription factors, mainly from the BHLH, MYB-related, C2H2, MYB, and ERF families, and 6,411 EST-SSR regions. Among the 79,263 transcripts obtained, 47,775 were annotated using BLASTX analysis performed against the NR protein database subset with 11,853 transcripts representing putative full-length CDS. A reference transcriptome for assembly was produced by combining these two approaches. Taking advantage of NGS technology, we sequenced and annotated the first fennel leaf transcriptome using material from four different lines and two different bioinformatic approaches: de novo and genome-guided transcriptome assembly. Fennel is a plant species of both agronomic and pharmaceutical interest that is characterized by a shortage of genetic and molecular data.

Clc genomics workbench 7.0